Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Calcifediol (25(OH)D3), the major circulating form and the direct precursor of the biologically active form of vitamin D, has been identified as an agonist ligand for vitamin D receptor (VDR) with anti-proliferative effects and gene regulatory function despite having a lower receptor affinity respect than the biologically active form of vitamin D3. In fact, recent studies have suggested that 25(OH)D3 can regulate gene expression by ...

Background: Multiple endocrine neoplasia of type 1 (MEN1) is a rare heritable endocrine tumor syndrome that results from biallelic inactivation of the MEN1 gene and the loss of menin protein, that was characterized by a susceptibility to the development of multiple endocrine neoplasms within a single patient. The MEN1 gene screening is helpful in the clinical practice for early genetic diagnosis. Unfortunately, the lack of genotype-phenotype correlation doesn’t allow to f...

Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is an extremely rare endocrine malignancy of the parathyroid glands, representing less than 1% of all parathyroid neoplasms. PC is characterized by an excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and severe hypercalcemia. In contrast to parathyroid adenoma, the prognosis for patients with PC is poor, with an overall survival rate of 78-85% and 49-70% respectively at 5 and 10 years after diagnosis, due to the commonly unmanageable hypercalcaemia, ...